{
  "title": "Email authentication on the top 10,000 websites",
  "year": 2026,
  "scannedAt": "2026-11-08T04:15:00Z",
  "publishedAt": "2026-11-08",
  "source": {
    "name": "Tranco top sites list",
    "id": "94P72",
    "url": "https://tranco-list.eu/list/94P72"
  },
  "method": "MX and TXT lookups (SPF on the domain, DMARC at _dmarc, BIMI at default._bimi, MTA-STS at _mta-sts) for Tranco ranks 1-10,000 through Cloudflare, Google and Quad9 public resolvers. Percentages under 'mail' cover domains with a non-null MX record. Failed lookups are excluded from that check.",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0, cite https://xem.email/research/email-authentication",
  "results": {
    "scanned": 10000,
    "errors": 120,
    "receivesMail": 7266,
    "all": {
      "domains": 10000,
      "spf": 75.6,
      "spfAll": {
        "-all": 49.7,
        "~all": 44.2,
        "redirect": 2.9,
        "?all": 2.1,
        "multiple": 0.7,
        "none": 0.4,
        "+all": 0.0
      },
      "dmarc": 67.7,
      "dmarcPolicy": {
        "none": 16.8,
        "quarantine": 19.4,
        "reject": 31.2,
        "invalid": 0.2
      },
      "dmarcEnforced": 50.6,
      "dmarcReject": 31.2,
      "dmarcReports": 86.1,
      "dmarcPartial": 2.7,
      "spfAndDmarc": 65.2,
      "bimi": 9.8,
      "mtaSts": 2.9
    },
    "mail": {
      "domains": 7266,
      "spf": 93.3,
      "spfAll": {
        "~all": 47.5,
        "-all": 46.2,
        "redirect": 3.1,
        "?all": 2.1,
        "multiple": 0.7,
        "none": 0.4,
        "+all": 0.0
      },
      "dmarc": 83.1,
      "dmarcPolicy": {
        "none": 21.7,
        "quarantine": 26.0,
        "reject": 35.1,
        "invalid": 0.2
      },
      "dmarcEnforced": 61.1,
      "dmarcReject": 35.1,
      "dmarcReports": 87.0,
      "dmarcPartial": 2.8,
      "spfAndDmarc": 81.6,
      "bimi": 13.3,
      "mtaSts": 4.0
    },
    "tiers": {
      "100": {
        "domains": 65,
        "spf": 93.8,
        "spfAll": {
          "-all": 50.8,
          "~all": 32.8,
          "redirect": 11.5,
          "?all": 4.9
        },
        "dmarc": 86.2,
        "dmarcPolicy": {
          "none": 10.8,
          "quarantine": 18.5,
          "reject": 56.9,
          "invalid": 0.0
        },
        "dmarcEnforced": 75.4,
        "dmarcReject": 56.9,
        "dmarcReports": 96.4,
        "dmarcPartial": 0.0,
        "spfAndDmarc": 86.2,
        "bimi": 26.2,
        "mtaSts": 12.3
      },
      "1000": {
        "domains": 693,
        "spf": 93.8,
        "spfAll": {
          "-all": 52.8,
          "~all": 40.0,
          "redirect": 4.9,
          "?all": 1.8,
          "multiple": 0.5
        },
        "dmarc": 89.0,
        "dmarcPolicy": {
          "none": 14.3,
          "quarantine": 24.2,
          "reject": 50.5,
          "invalid": 0.0
        },
        "dmarcEnforced": 74.7,
        "dmarcReject": 50.5,
        "dmarcReports": 93.4,
        "dmarcPartial": 1.5,
        "spfAndDmarc": 88.0,
        "bimi": 23.3,
        "mtaSts": 5.3
      },
      "10000": {
        "domains": 7266,
        "spf": 93.3,
        "spfAll": {
          "~all": 47.5,
          "-all": 46.2,
          "redirect": 3.1,
          "?all": 2.1,
          "multiple": 0.7,
          "none": 0.4,
          "+all": 0.0
        },
        "dmarc": 83.1,
        "dmarcPolicy": {
          "none": 21.7,
          "quarantine": 26.0,
          "reject": 35.1,
          "invalid": 0.2
        },
        "dmarcEnforced": 61.1,
        "dmarcReject": 35.1,
        "dmarcReports": 87.0,
        "dmarcPartial": 2.8,
        "spfAndDmarc": 81.6,
        "bimi": 13.3,
        "mtaSts": 4.0
      }
    },
    "noMail": {
      "domains": 2711,
      "nullMx": 72,
      "lockedDown": 16.3,
      "dmarc": 26.4
    }
  }
}